Suchergebnisse

The subject of the research is the peculiarities of trends in the growth of labor productivity in the sector of non–market services. The aim of the research is to analyze trends in labor productivity in the national economy, taking into account the impact at the macroeconomic level and determining the most significant factors in the sector of non–market services. Research methods. The work uses general and special methods: comparative analysis of trends; analysis and synthesis; analytical; system. Results. The current trends and dependences of labor productivity on structural and sectoral factors are analyzed in the article. Application area of results. Economics and National Economy Management; economic management at the sectoral, inter–sectoral and regional levels in the field of strategic planning of socio–economic development at the regional level in terms of state systems and mechanisms. Conclusions. Regardless of the regular crisis recessions of the national economy, labor productivity has a steady upward trend. This is due to the stable negative demographic factor of the decrease in the number of the available economically active population and the relatively acceptable level of роunemployment. At the same time, the low innovativeness of the economy and the insufficient share of GDP that is spent on capital investments, remains the negative factor. The government cannot actively influence labor productivity due to constant problems with the distribution of budget funds, their deficit and excessive growth of public debt. Because of this, even with direct government regulation in the field of non–market services, there is no stable example of effective productivity management.

The purpose of the study is to take into account the experience of 35 highly developed countries of the world that are members of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) for the formation of state innovation policy in Ukraine Research methods. Comparative analysis, logical–structural, analytical and systemic. Results of work. The modern forms of government assistance to increase the level of innovativeness of the national economy through financial and non–financial methods, organizational mechanisms and individual tools of program–targeted impact on the country's priority industries and production are investigated. The scope of the results. Economics and management of the national economy, methods and mechanisms for regulating economic processes and their efficiency. Conclusions. Market–based commercial instruments and incentives alone are not enough to maintain an appropriate competitive level of innovation in the national economy. Two–thirds of success depends on government incentives. Including financing of scientific and technical developments from budgetary funds up to three percent of GDP. Strategic planning, project, program–target approach, high–quality operational management of innovation activities, state policy of generating demand for innovation, the activities of state agencies to manage the use of funds in priority areas, protection of intellectual products, transfer of developments to production relevant for Ukraine to restore target criteria for high–tech national economy.

The subject of the research is the methodological foundations of the effective organization of state policy to stimulate scientific and technical activities and the introduction of innovations into the production processes of the real sector of the economy. The purpose of the study is to identify weaknesses in the state research and innovation sphere, formulate proposals for solving the problem of low productivity of the national economy. Results of work. Comparative analysis, logical–structural, analytical and systemic. The field of application of results. Economics and management of the national economy, methods and mechanisms of regulation of economic processes and their effectiveness. Conclusions. The system of state regulation of the scientific and innovative sphere in the Ukrainian economy has been created. It has legislative support, relevant executive authorities, but works with low efficiency. We need a transition to strategic planning of the country's development. It is also necessary to ensure long–term (more than 5 years) macroeconomic stability, full–fledged budget financing of science and innovation (from 2% of GDP), reporting and control of budget spending, a new level of program–targeted planning for the development of productive forces and the real sector of the economy, the formation of state demand for innovation for industry.